{"id":70498,"date":"2026-06-03T18:33:51","date_gmt":"2026-06-03T17:33:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/?p=70498"},"modified":"2026-06-08T18:44:09","modified_gmt":"2026-06-08T17:44:09","slug":"tabagisme-au-maghreb-vers-une-strategie-regionale-incluant-les-alternatives-nicotiniques","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/news\/tabagisme-au-maghreb-vers-une-strategie-regionale-incluant-les-alternatives-nicotiniques\/","title":{"rendered":"Tabagisme au Maghreb : vers une strat\u00e9gie r\u00e9gionale incluant les alternatives nicotiniques"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span class=\"\" style=\"color: #000000;\">Tabagisme au Maghreb : vers une strat\u00e9gie r\u00e9gionale incluant les alternatives nicotiniques<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"ds-markdown-paragraph\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"\">Selon les chiffres pr\u00e9sent\u00e9s lors de la conf\u00e9rence, le tabac tue chaque ann\u00e9e <\/span><strong><span class=\"\">8 millions de personnes dans le monde<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"\">, dont 80 % dans les pays en d\u00e9veloppement. Au Maghreb, la situation est pr\u00e9occupante, en particulier en Alg\u00e9rie o\u00f9 <\/span><strong><span class=\"\">25 % des \u00e9l\u00e8ves \u00e2g\u00e9s de 11 \u00e0 19 ans<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"\"> consomment d\u00e9j\u00e0 du tabac, parfois avant l\u2019\u00e2ge de 10 ans. Dans l\u2019enseignement sup\u00e9rieur alg\u00e9rien, 9 % des \u00e9tudiants fument, et le taux monte \u00e0 <\/span><strong><span class=\"\">18 % chez les professionnels de sant\u00e9<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"\"> \u2013 un signal d\u2019alarme pour les syst\u00e8mes de soins.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p class=\"ds-markdown-paragraph\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><em><span class=\"\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-70502\" src=\"https:\/\/www.plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/tabagisme-au-maghreb-1.jpg\" alt=\"tabagisme au maghreb 1\" width=\"950\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/tabagisme-au-maghreb-1.jpg 950w, https:\/\/www.plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/tabagisme-au-maghreb-1-300x158.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/tabagisme-au-maghreb-1-768x404.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 950px) 100vw, 950px\" \/>\u00ab Plus de 95 % des fumeurs reconnaissent la dangerosit\u00e9 du tabac, mais la majorit\u00e9 n\u2019a pas acc\u00e8s \u00e0 des outils concrets pour arr\u00eater. Le probl\u00e8me n\u2019est pas la conscience du risque, c\u2019est l\u2019absence de solutions accessibles. \u00bb<\/span><\/em><span class=\"\"> \u2013 Hassen Hameli, mod\u00e9rateur de la conf\u00e9rence.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span class=\"\" style=\"color: #000000;\">Les alternatives nicotiniques, un levier scientifiquement document\u00e9<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span class=\"\" style=\"color: #000000;\">Une toxicit\u00e9 r\u00e9duite, mais pas nulle<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"ds-markdown-paragraph\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"\">Les experts s\u2019appuient sur des \u00e9tudes internationales : la cigarette \u00e9lectronique pr\u00e9senterait un risque inf\u00e9rieur d\u2019environ <\/span><strong><span class=\"\">90 %<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"\"> \u00e0 celui de la cigarette classique, et certains dispositifs sans combustion produiraient jusqu\u2019\u00e0 <\/span><strong><span class=\"\">500 fois moins de toxines<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"\">. Le Dr Habib Jaafoura a toutefois insist\u00e9 : ces produits restent nocifs et ne doivent pas \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme sans risque. L\u2019arr\u00eat complet du tabac et de la nicotine demeure l\u2019objectif prioritaire en sant\u00e9 publique.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span class=\"\" style=\"color: #000000;\">Un b\u00e9n\u00e9fice concret pour les patients cardiaques<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"ds-markdown-paragraph\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"\" style=\"color: #000000;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-70504\" src=\"https:\/\/www.plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/tabagisme-au-maghreb-3.jpg\" alt=\"tabagisme au maghreb 3\" width=\"950\" height=\"633\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/tabagisme-au-maghreb-3.jpg 950w, https:\/\/www.plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/tabagisme-au-maghreb-3-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/tabagisme-au-maghreb-3-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/tabagisme-au-maghreb-3-450x300.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 950px) 100vw, 950px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Le Dr Dhaker Lahidheb a illustr\u00e9 l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat de la r\u00e9duction des risques par un cas clinique :<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p class=\"ds-markdown-paragraph\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><em><span class=\"\">\u00ab Apr\u00e8s la pose d\u2019un stent ou une intervention cardiaque, le patient qui continue de fumer des cigarettes classiques peine \u00e0 retrouver une activit\u00e9 physique. En passant \u00e0 la cigarette \u00e9lectronique, il peut recommencer \u00e0 monter les escaliers, faire ses courses, reprendre une vie active. \u00bb<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"ds-markdown-paragraph\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"\">Cette approche, appel\u00e9e <\/span><strong><span class=\"\">r\u00e9duction des risques<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"\">, reconna\u00eet la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 des fumeurs d\u00e9pendants et leur offre un chemin progressif, sans jugement.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span class=\"\" style=\"color: #000000;\">Trois piliers pour une politique anti-tabac efficace<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"ds-markdown-paragraph\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"\" style=\"color: #000000;\">Les sp\u00e9cialistes insistent sur une distinction claire, souvent ignor\u00e9e dans les politiques publiques :<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"ds-markdown-paragraph\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span class=\"\">Pr\u00e9vention primaire<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"\"> : emp\u00eacher l\u2019entr\u00e9e dans le tabagisme, priorit\u00e9 absolue chez les enfants et adolescents.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"ds-markdown-paragraph\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span class=\"\">Sevrage tabagique<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"\"> : accompagner vers l\u2019arr\u00eat complet avec des structures et outils adapt\u00e9s.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"ds-markdown-paragraph\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span class=\"\">R\u00e9duction des risques<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"\"> : proposer aux fumeurs qui ne peuvent pas encore arr\u00eater des alternatives moins nocives (cigarette \u00e9lectronique, tabac chauff\u00e9, snus), dans un cadre transitoire et encadr\u00e9.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"ds-markdown-paragraph\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"\" style=\"color: #000000;\">Ces trois axes sont compl\u00e9mentaires. Les confondre ou en privil\u00e9gier un seul affaiblit la lutte anti-tabac.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span class=\"\" style=\"color: #000000;\">Ce que les succ\u00e8s internationaux enseignent au Maghreb<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"ds-markdown-paragraph\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"\" style=\"color: #000000;\">Trois mod\u00e8les ont \u00e9t\u00e9 cit\u00e9s comme sources d\u2019inspiration :<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"ds-markdown-paragraph\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span class=\"\">Su\u00e8de<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"\"> : premier pays d\u2019Europe \u00e0 devenir \u00ab sans tabac \u00bb (moins de 5 % de fumeurs quotidiens) gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une combinaison de pr\u00e9vention stricte, de r\u00e9gulation et de r\u00e9duction des risques (snus, e-cigarette).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"ds-markdown-paragraph\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span class=\"\">Japon<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"\"> : baisse significative du tabac combustible apr\u00e8s l\u2019introduction massive du tabac chauff\u00e9 en 2014.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"ds-markdown-paragraph\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span class=\"\">Royaume-Uni<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"\"> : int\u00e9gration de la cigarette \u00e9lectronique comme outil de sevrage encadr\u00e9, associ\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019interdiction de vente aux personnes n\u00e9es apr\u00e8s 2008.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"ds-markdown-paragraph\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"\" style=\"color: #000000;\">Ces exemples prouvent qu\u2019une r\u00e9duction durable du tabagisme est possible, \u00e0 condition d\u2019adopter une r\u00e9glementation claire et coh\u00e9rente.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span class=\"\" style=\"color: #000000;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-70503\" src=\"https:\/\/www.plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/tabagisme-au-maghreb-2.jpg\" alt=\"tabagisme au maghreb 2\" width=\"950\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/tabagisme-au-maghreb-2.jpg 950w, https:\/\/www.plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/tabagisme-au-maghreb-2-300x158.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/tabagisme-au-maghreb-2-768x404.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 950px) 100vw, 950px\" \/>Un appel \u00e0 l\u2019harmonisation r\u00e9gionale (Tunisie, Alg\u00e9rie, Libye)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"ds-markdown-paragraph\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"\">La conf\u00e9rence s\u2019est conclue par une recommandation forte : <\/span><strong><span class=\"\">coordonner les politiques fiscales, sanitaires et \u00e9ducatives<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"\"> entre les trois pays. Aujourd\u2019hui, les \u00e9carts de fiscalit\u00e9 alimentent la contrebande et r\u00e9duisent l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 des actions nationales.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"ds-markdown-paragraph\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"\" style=\"color: #000000;\">Les experts proposent :<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"ds-markdown-paragraph\"><span class=\"\" style=\"color: #000000;\">Une harmonisation des taxes sur les produits du tabac et les alternatives<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"ds-markdown-paragraph\"><span class=\"\" style=\"color: #000000;\">Des campagnes de pr\u00e9vention unifi\u00e9es<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"ds-markdown-paragraph\"><span class=\"\" style=\"color: #000000;\">Le partage des dispositifs de sevrage et des bonnes pratiques<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"ds-markdown-paragraph\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"\">Investir dans la pr\u00e9vention est aussi un choix \u00e9conomique rationnel : chaque dollar investi permet d\u2019\u00e9conomiser jusqu\u2019\u00e0 <\/span><strong><span class=\"\">100 dollars<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"\"> en prise en charge des maladies cardiovasculaires et respiratoires.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p class=\"ds-markdown-paragraph\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><em><span class=\"\">\u00ab Il n\u2019existe pas de cigarette sans danger. Mais certains produits g\u00e9n\u00e8rent bien moins de toxines. Accepter cette r\u00e9alit\u00e9, c\u2019est donner aux fumeurs un outil concret pour progresser vers l\u2019arr\u00eat et c\u2019est sauver des vies. \u00bb<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"ds-markdown-paragraph\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Lire aussi:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"gsc-thumbnail-inside\">\n<div class=\"gs-title\"><a class=\"gs-title\" dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https:\/\/plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/a-la-une\/Sante-56-des-medicaments-en-Tunisie-sont-importes\/\" data-cturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?client=internal-element-cse&amp;cx=011238217578432545340:5m9aarzzppc&amp;q=https:\/\/plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/a-la-une\/Sante-56-des-medicaments-en-Tunisie-sont-importes\/&amp;sa=U&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjg8bbhmPiUAxWMgv0HHa2xNmAQFnoECAoQAg&amp;usg=AOvVaw0jOk_DLsbw8pdoNG9G7MPB&amp;fexp=121691578,121695402,121691579\" data-ctorig=\"https:\/\/plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/a-la-une\/Sante-56-des-medicaments-en-Tunisie-sont-importes\/\"><b>Sant\u00e9<\/b> : 56% des m\u00e9dicaments en Tunisie sont import\u00e9s<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"gsc-thumbnail-inside\">\n<div class=\"gs-title\"><a class=\"gs-title\" dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https:\/\/plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/news\/tunisie-25-de-la-population-diabetique-les-chiffres-qui-inquietent\/\" data-cturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?client=internal-element-cse&amp;cx=011238217578432545340:5m9aarzzppc&amp;q=https:\/\/plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/news\/tunisie-25-de-la-population-diabetique-les-chiffres-qui-inquietent\/&amp;sa=U&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjg8bbhmPiUAxWMgv0HHa2xNmAQFnoECAgQAg&amp;usg=AOvVaw3Dx5mFGBL6ZzeS-Pta-A3D&amp;fexp=121691578,121695402,121691579\" data-ctorig=\"https:\/\/plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/news\/tunisie-25-de-la-population-diabetique-les-chiffres-qui-inquietent\/\">Tunisie : 25 % de la Population Diab\u00e9tique, les Chiffres qui Inqui\u00e8tent<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"gsc-thumbnail-inside\">\n<div class=\"gs-title\"><a class=\"gs-title\" dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https:\/\/plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/conso\/hi-tech\/med-tn-lance-le-test-en-ligne-pour-detecter-le-coronavirus\/\" data-cturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?client=internal-element-cse&amp;cx=011238217578432545340:5m9aarzzppc&amp;q=https:\/\/plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/conso\/hi-tech\/med-tn-lance-le-test-en-ligne-pour-detecter-le-coronavirus\/&amp;sa=U&amp;ved=2ahUKEwie3aO2mPiUAxWYgP0HHdhWACcQFnoECAMQAg&amp;usg=AOvVaw1nxwLmleLXYJQiQZlMCt1w&amp;fexp=121691578,121695402,121691579\" data-ctorig=\"https:\/\/plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/conso\/hi-tech\/med-tn-lance-le-test-en-ligne-pour-detecter-le-coronavirus\/\"><b>Med<\/b>.<b>tn<\/b> lance le test en ligne pour d\u00e9tecter le Coronavirus<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Selon les chiffres pr\u00e9sent\u00e9s lors de la conf\u00e9rence, le tabac tue chaque ann\u00e9e 8 millions de personnes dans le monde, dont 80 % dans les pays en d\u00e9veloppement.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":70501,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":0,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[61],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-70498","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70498","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=70498"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70498\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":70506,"href":"https:\/\/plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70498\/revisions\/70506"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/70501"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=70498"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=70498"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/plumeseconomiques.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=70498"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}